Peter Nilssen » Blog Archive » Andrew B. Smith

Andrew B. Smith

Posted March 26th 2010 at 16:36 by Peter Nilssen

 

Archaeologist

 

After retirement from UCT, I have worked as an independent heritage consultant in South Africa doing archaeological assessment and mitigation for heritage requirements on the Cape West and South coasts.

I have wide archaeological field experience in USA, Ghana, Egypt, Mali, Niger, Sudan, Namibia and South Africa. Having worked on prehistoric sites and taught in the Archaeology Dept., UCT for the past 30 years, I have intimate knowledge of the background research history of all periods, although my own research has tended to be within the last 2000 years.

I am available for independent consultancy to do NID’s, Phase I and Phase II evaluation, assessment and mitigation of archaeological sites in the Western, Southern and Eastern Cape. This will include fieldwork and reporting that will conform to the requirements for Heritage Western Cape and the South African Heritage Resources Agency within the heritage and environmental legislation.

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CURRICULUM  VITAE

 Andrew Brown Smith

 

PERSONAL INFORMATION

 Born:                            2 January 1941, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.

 Address:                       Department of Archaeology

                                    University of Cape Town

                                    RONDEBOSCH  7700, South Africa

Telephone:                    University  +27 (021) 6502354/3

                       After hours +27 (021) 6861608

Fax:                              (021) 6502352

e-mail:                          andrew.smith@uct.ac.za

EDUCATION

1958                Scottish Leaving Certificate, Glasgow, Scotland

1968    B.A. Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley

1974    Ph.D. Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley

     (Dissertation on post-palaeolithic human adaptation in the Saharan and Sahel zones of West Africa.)

 

EMPLOYMENT HISTORY

 1963-65 Off-shore Navigation Inc. (Shoran Base Station Operator in Persian Gulf and North Africa)

1969-72 Teaching Assistant, Anthropology Department, University of California, Berkeley

1973-75 Lecturer, Archaeology Department, University of Ghana

1977-2006 Associate Professor, Archaeology Department, University of Cape Town

 

 

MEMBERSHIPS, PROFESSIONAL

West African Archaeological Association

Pan-African Association of Prehistory & Quaternary Studies

Royal Society of South Africa

South African Archaeological Society

Honorary Curator National Monuments Council

Fellow of the American Anthropological Association

Association of Southern African Professional Archaeologists

Association of Professional Heritage Practitioners

AWARDS, HONOURS AND GRANTS

 1966    Institute of International Studies Award, Univ.of Oregon

1969-73 University of California, Doctoral Fellowship

1970    Ford Foundation, Traineeship in Archaeology

1972   National Science Foundation Doctoral Research Award

1972-1975 Royal Geographical Society Research Award

1977-82           University of Cape Town, Research Committee Award

1978-81 Oppenheimer Inst. for African Studies Research Award

1978    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

1983    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

1984    H.S.R.C.ad hoc Research Award

1985    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

            Oppenheimer Inst. for African Studies Research Award

1986    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

1987    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

1988    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

1989    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

1990    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

1991    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

            Swan Fund Research Award

1992    H.S.R.C. ad hoc Research Award

            Swan Fund Research Award

1993    URC Award

            Swan Fund Research Award

1994    H.S.R.C. Award

            Swan Fund Research Award

1995    U.R.C. Award

            Swan Fund Research Award

1997    H.S.R.C. Award

2001   Oppenheimer Trust Award

2002    Benedict Distinguished Professor, Carleton College

2004   Oppenheimer Trust Award

2006    President of the South African Archaeological Society

2006    Professor Emeritus, UCT

PUBLICATIONS

 1) Books

1992    Pastoralism in Africa: Origins and Development Ecology. London:Hurst

1993    (with R.H. Pheiffer)  The Khoikhoi at the Cape of Good Hope: 17th Century Drawings in the South African Library. Cape Town: South African Library

1995    Einiqualand:  People of the Orange River Frontier.  Cape Town: UCT Press.

1996    (with C. Malherbe, E. Boonzaier & P. Berens) The Cape Herders. Cape Town: David Philip

2000                (with C. Malherbe, M. Guenther & P. Berens) The Bushmen of Southern Africa: A Foraging Society in Transition. Cape Town: David Philip.

2005  African Herders: Emergence of Pastoral Traditions. Walnut Creek: Altamira Press.

2006    Excavations at Kasteelberg, and the Origins of the Khoekhoen in the Western Cape, South Africa. Oxford: BAR S1537.

2008  (with J.D. Clark et al) Adrar Bous: Archaeology of a Central Saharan Granitic Ring Complex  in Niger. Studies in Human Sciences 170. Musée Royale de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium.

2) Chapters in Books

1978    Die ersten Haustiere in der Sahara In Kuper, R. (ed.) Sahara. 10,000 Jahre zwischen Weide und Wuste, Museen der Stadt, Koln, 220-221.

1980    The Neolithic Tradition in the Sahara  In Williams, M.A.J. and Faure, H. (eds.)  The Nile and the Sahara  Balkema, Netherlands, pp. 451-465.

1980    Domesticated Cattle in the Sahara and their introduction into West Africa  In Williams, M.A.J. and Faure, H. (eds.)  The Nile and the Sahara, Balkema, Netherlands, pp. 489-501.

1984    Origins of the Neolithic in the Sahara In Clark & Brandt, (eds.) From Hunters to Farmers : Considerations of the Causes and Consequences of Food Production in Africa.  Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, pp. 84-92.

1984    Adaptive Strategies of Prehistoric Pastoralism in the Southwestern Cape In Hall, M.J., Avery, G., Avery D.M.,Wilson M.L. & Humphreys A.J.B. (eds.)  Frontiers:  Southern African Archaeology Today.  Oxford: B.A.R. pp. 131-142.

1986    The Ethnoarchaeology of Pastoralism in the Saharan and Sahel Zones of West Africa  In Liverani, M., Palmieri, A. and Peroni, R. (eds.)  Studi di Paletnologia in Onore di Salvatore M Puglisi.  Rome, Istituto di Paletnologia, pp. 57-70.

1994    Metaphors of space: rock art and territoriality in southern Africa. in Dowson, T.A. & Lewis-Williams, J.D. (eds) Contested Images: Diversity in Southern African Rock Art Research. Wits Univ Press, pp. 373-384.

1994    Khoikhoi (Khoekhoe or Hottentots) in Saunders, C.C. (ed) An Illustrated Dictionary of South African History. Johannesburg: Ibis Books, pp. 151-154.

1994    (with M. Biesele & M. Jacobsohn) African Desert People in Seely, M. (ed) Deserts. Sydney: Weldon Owen, pp. 94-105.

1994    Dutch artists at the Cape in the 17th & 18th centuries, and the development of Khoikhoi iconography in Waher, H. (ed) Rondom Roy. Studies opgedra aan Roy H. Pheiffer. Dept. Afrikaans en Nederlands, UCT, pp.185-196.

1994    The archaeological evidence for indigenous domestic stock in the southwestern Cape in Judson, E. (ed) Conservation of Early Domesticated Animals of Southern Africa. Pretoria: NASCO, pp. 12-26.

1996    Pastoralists, African: Saharan Pastoralists & The Khoikhoi of Southern Africa in Fagan, B.M. (ed) The Oxford Companion to Archaeology,  OUP, pp.560-562.

1996    Khoi/San relationships: marginal differences or ethnicity in Skotnes, P. (ed) Miscast: Negotiating the Presence of the Bushmen. Cape Town: UCT Press, pp. 249-251.

1997    Pastoral Lifeways: Southern African pastoralists.  In Vogel, J.O. (ed)  Encyclopedia of Precolonial Africa.  London:AltaMira Press, pp. 210-213.

1999    Hunters and herders in the Karoo landscape. In Dean, W.R.J. & Dean, S. (eds) The Ecology of the Karoo. Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 243-256.

1999           Archaeology and evolution of hunters and gatherers. In Lee, R.B. & Daly, R. (eds) The        Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunter-Gatherers.  Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 384-390.

2000    The origins of the domesticated animals of southern Africa.  In: Blench, R.M. & MacDonald, K.C. (eds) The Origins and Development of African Livestock: Archaeology, Genetics, Linguistics and Ethnography.  Univ. of London Press, pp. 222-238.

2000   (with Lita Webley) Women and men of the Khoekhoen of Southern Africa. In Hodgson, D. (ed) Rethinking Pastoralism: Gender, Culture and the Myth of the Patriarchal Pastoralist, London : David Currey. pp. 72-96.

2000   The origins of pastoralism in Namibia.  In: Bollig, M. & Gewald, J-B. (eds) People , Cattle and Land. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, pp. 55-76.

2001    Saharo-Sudanese Neolithic. In: Peregrine, P.N & Ember, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Prehistory, Volume 1: Africa. New York: Kluwer Academic, pp. 245-259.

2002  Les Khoekhoe. In: Joubert, H. & Valentin, M. (eds) Ubuntu: Arts et Cultures d’Afrique du Sud. Paris: Musée national des Arts d’Afrique et d’Océanie, pp. 44-49.

2002   The Pastoral landscape in Saharan prehistory.  In: Lenssen-Erz, T. et al (eds) Tides of the Desert: Festschrift for Rudolf Kuper. Köln: Heinrich-Barth Institut, pp. 447-457.

2004  Animal husbandry, nomadic breeding and domestication of animals. In Squires, V.R. (ed) The Role of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in Human Nutrition. Encyclopedia of  Life Support Systems, UNESCO. Oxford: Eolss Publishers 1-17.

2005   Desert solitude: the evolution of ideologies amongst pastoralists and hunter-gatherers in arid North Africa.  Veth, P., Smith, M. & Hiscock, P. (eds) Desert Peoples: Archaeological Perspectives. London : Blackwell, pp. 261-275.

2005   The archaeology of hunter-herder interaction in the drylands of southern Africa. In: Smith, M. & Hesse, P. (eds) 23°S:Archaeology and Environmental History of the Southern Deserts. Canberra: National Museum of Australia, pp. 250-266.

2005   Neolithic North Africa (pp. 1081-1082); Domestication, plant and animal, history of (pp. 362-363) in Africa.  In: Shillington, K. (ed) Encyclopedia of African History. London: Fitzroy Dearborn.

2006  Historical perspectives on the rock art of the Sahara and southern Africa. In: Le Quellec, J-L (ed) Hic sunt leones: Melanges sahariens en l’honneur d’Alfred Muzzolini. Cahiers de l’AARS 10:185-197.

2007  Africa, South: Farmers, Herders, and Forager Interaction. Encyclopedia of Archaeology. Oxford: Elsevier.

2008  Early herders in southern Africa: a synthesis. In :Badenhorst, S (ed) Animals and People: Archaeozoological Papers in Honour of Ina Plug.  Oxford: BAR International Series 1849: 94-103.

2008   Is absence of evidence, evidence of absence? Problems in the Archaeology of early herding societies of southern Africa.  The Archaeology of Mobility. UCLA Conference on Nomadism.

in prep Post-glacial transformations in Africa. Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Hunter-Gatherers.

3) Scientific Journal Papers

1973    (With J D Clark & M A J Williams):  The geomorphology and archaeology of Adrar

                        Bous, Central Sahara : a preliminary report. Quaternaria, 17:245-297.

1974    Preliminary report of Excavations at Karkarichinkat Nord and Sud, Tilemsi Valley, Mali, Spring, 1972.  West African J. of Archaeology 4:33-55.

1975    A note on the flora and fauna from the postpalaeolithic sites of Karkarichinkat Nord and Sud.  West African J. of Archaeology  5:201-204

1975    Radiocarbon dates from Bosumpra Cave, Abetifi, Ghana.  Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 41:179-182.

1978    (With M R Ripp & S B Lane)  An archaeological Reconnaissance of the Doorn/Tanqua Karoo.  South African Archaeological Bulletin 33(128):118-133.

1978    Terracottas from the Tilemsi Valley, Mali. Bull. I.F.A.N., ser. B, 40 (2):223-234.

1979    Biogeographical Considerations of Colonization of the Lower Tilemsi Valley in the 2nd Millenium B.C.  J. of Arid Environments 2:355-361.

1979    Analyse topologique de l’industrie lithique du site de Tintan  In Petit-Maire, N. (ed.)  Le Sahara Atlantique a l’Holocene : peuplement et ecologie.  Memoire du C.R.A.P.E.  28:269-70.

1981    An Archaeological Investigation of Holocene Deposits at Rooiels Cave, South-Western Cape.  S. African Archaeological Bull. 36:75-83.

1981    The French Period at the Cape, 1781-1783 : a report on excavations at Conway Redoubt, Constantia Nek.  Military History Journal 5(3):107-113.

1983    Prehistoric pastoralism in the Southwestern Cape, South Africa.  World Archaeology 15(1):79-89.

1983    The Hotnot Syndrome: myth-making in South African School textbooks.  Social Dynamics 9(2):37-49.

1984    Environmental limitations on prehistoric pastoralism in Africa  African Archaeological Review, 2:99-111.

1984    The Origins of Food Production in Northeaast Africa In Van Zinderen Bakker, E.M. & Coetzee, J.A. (eds.)  Palaeoecology of Africa 16:317-324.  Balkema, Netherlands.

1984    (With J. Kinahan):  The invisible whale.  World Archaeology  16(1):89-97.

1985    (With M. Patrick and A.J. de Koning):  Gas liquid chromatographic analysis of fatty acids in food residues from ceramics found int he Southwestern Cape, South Africa. Archaeometry 27(2):231-236.

1986    Competition, Conflict and Clientship : Khoi and San Relationships in the Western Cape  In Hall, M. and Smith, A.B. (eds.)  Prehistoric Pastoralism in Southern Africa. South African Archaeological Society, Goodwin Series 5:36-41.

1984-86 Development of Khoikhoi society in South Africa : Implications for pastoral archaeology. Origini 13:409-424.

1986    Excavations at Plettenberg Bay, South Africa of the campsite of the survivors of the wreck of the São Gonçalo, 1630.  Int. J. of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration 15:53-63.

1986    Comment on ‘Striated Grinding Grooves in Central Africa”  by R. Derricourt  S. African Archaeol. Bulletin  41:93-94.

1986    Review Article:  Cattle Domestication in North Africa. African Archaeological Review 4:197-203.

1988    (With C. Poggenpoel)  The technology of bone tool fabrication from the Southwestern Cape, South Africa.  World Archaeology 20(1):103-115.

1989    Khoikhoi susceptibility to virgin soil epidemics in the 18th Century.  South African Medical Journal 75:25-6.

1990    (with E.A. Boonzaier, M.T. Hoffman & F.M. Archer) Communal land use and the ‘tragedy of the commons’ some problems and development perspectives with specific reference to semi-arid regions of southern Africa. J. Grassland Soc. South. Afr.7:2:77-80.

1990    The origins and demise of the Khoikhoi: the debate. South African Historical J. 23: 3-14.

1990    Gordon on Sparrman. Quart. Bull. S.A. Library. 45:2:72-77.

1990    On becoming herders: Khoikhoi and San ethnicity in Southern Africa. African Studies 49:2:51-73

1991    (with K. Sadr) On ceramic variation in the South-western Cape, South Africa.  S. Afr. Archaeol. Bull. 46: 107-114

1991    (with K. Sadr, J. Gribble & R. Yates) Excavations in the South-western Cape South Africa, and the archaeological identity of prehistoric hunter-gatherers within the last 2000 years.  S. Afr. Archaeol. Bull. 46: 71-91

1992    Col Robert Gordon’s notes on the Khoikhoi, 1779-80.  Annals South African Cultural History Museum 5: 1: 1-56.

1992    (with S. Woodborne, E.C. Lamprechts & F.R. Riley) Marine Mammal Storage: Analysis of Buried Seal Meat at the Cape, South Africa. J. of Archaeological Science 19: 171-180

1992    Origins and spread of pastoralism in Africa.  Annual Review of Anthropology 21:125-141.

1993    Different facets of the crystal: early European images of the Khoikhoi at the Cape, South Africa. in Hall, M. & Markell, A (eds) Historical Archaeology in the Western Cape, Goodwin Series 7, South African Archaeological Society, pp. 8-20.

1993    Marine mammal exploitation by prehistoric Cape herders.  South African J. of Science 89:162-165.

1993    (with Royden Yates) A reevaluation of the chronology of Oudepost: a reply in part to Schrire. South African Archaeological Bulletin 48:52-3

1993    (with Royden Yates) Ideology and hunter/herder archaeology in the South Western Cape. Southern African Field Archaeology 2:2:96-104

1993    Origins and spread of pastoralism in Africa.  Nomadic Peoples 32:91-105

1994    (with R.H. Pheiffer) Letter from Robert Jacob Gordon to Hendrik Fagel, 1779. Brenthurst Archives 1(2)

1995    (with L. Jacobson) Excavations at Geduld and the appearance of early domestic stock in N. Namibia. S. African Archaeol. Bull. 50:3-14.

1995    Drawings of the Khoikhoi at the Cape of Good Hope: an update and response to Schrire. S. African Archaeol. Bull. 50:83-86.

1996       (with Royden Yates & Leon Jacobson) Geduld contra Kinahan.                                                                                                                                                               

South African Archaeological Bulletin 51:36-39.

1996      The Kalahari Bushmen Debate: implications for archaeology of Southern Africa. S. African Historical J. 35:1-15.

1997       (with R.B. Lee) Cho/ana: archaeological and ethnohistorical evidence for recent hunter-gatherer/pastoralist contact in Northern Bushmanland, Namibia. S. African Archaeological Bulletin 52:52-58

1997    (with C.A. Bollong & C.G. Sampson) Khoikhoi and Bushman pottery in the Cape Colony: Ethnohistory and Later Stone Age ceramics of the South African interior. J. of Anthropological Archaeology 16:269-299.

1997    Keeping hunters on the periphery: the ideology of social hierarchies between Khoikhoi and Soaqua. Kronos 24:9-17

1998    Khoesaan orthography. South African Archaeological Bulletin 53: 37-8.

1998    Keeping people on the periphery: the ideology of social hierarchies between hunters and herders. J. of Anthropological Archaeology 17:201-215.

1998    Early domestic stock in Southern Africa: A Commentary. African Archaeological Review 15 (2):151-156.

1999     The archaeology of the Ju/’hoansi Bushmen. Milan: Archeologia Africana 5:75-84

2000   Ideas on the Later Cultural History of the Central Sahara.  Sahara 12: 101-106.

2001   Public and hidden transcripts: a response to Cronk and Dickson. J. of Anthropological Archaeology 20:122-124.

2001    Ethnohistory and archaeology of the Ju/’hoansi Bushmen. African Study Monographs, Suppl. 26: 15-25.

2001    (with Dave Halkett, Tim Hart & Belinda Mütti) Spatial patterning, cultural identity and site integrity on open sites: evidence from Bloedrift 23, a pre-colonial herder camp in the Richtersveld, Northern Cape Province, South Africa.  South African Archaeological Bulletin 56:23-33.

2002    (with Marie Balasse, Stanley Ambrose & T.Douglas Price) The seasonality mobility model for prehistoric herders in the south-western Cape of South Africa assessed by isotopic analysis of sheep enamel. J. of Archaeological Science 29: 917-932.

2003     (with Marie Balasse, Stanley Ambrose & Steven Leigh) Determining birth seasonality by analysis of tooth enamel oxygen isotope ratios: the Late Stone Age site of Kasteelberg (South Africa). J. of Archaeological Science 30: 205-215.

2003  (with K. Sadr, I. Plug, J. Orton & B. Mutti) Herders and foragers on Kasteelberg. South African Archaeological Bulletin 58: 27-32.

2003   Préhistoire des pasteurs sahariens actuels. Bulletin de la Société préhistorique Ariège-Pyrénées 58: 251-268.

2004   A prehistory of modern Saharan pastoralists. Sahara 15:  43-58.

2005   The concepts of ‘Neolithic’ and ‘Neolithisation’ for Africa. Before Farming 1, article 2: 1-6.

2005   Origins and spread of African pastoralism. Blackwell History-Compass 4 (1): 1-7.

2006    Kasteelberg, a sealing camp of Cape herders in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 1 (1): 109-122.

2008         Pastoral origins at the Cape, South Africa: influences and arguments. Southern African Humanities 20: 49-60.

2009 (with B. Mutti) A simple measure of intensity of human occupation of shell density as seen on the Vredenburg Peninsula coast. South African Archaeological Bulletin 64: 172-175.

2009 Hegemony of the Neolithic: or what we have lost by becoming food producers. South African Archaeological Bulletin 64: 100-103.

2009 Guest Editorial: A Born Again CRM Practitioner. South African Archaeological Bulletin 64: 99

2009 Pastoralism in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: a retrospective review. Journal of African Archaeology 7 (2)

4) Conference Proceedings

1976    A microlithic industry from Adrar Bous, Tenere Desert, Niger.  Proceedings of the 7th Pan-african Congress of Prehistory Addis Ababa, pp. 181-196.

1980    Saharan and Sahel Zone Environmental Conditions – the Later Pleistocene and Early Holocene. Proceedings of the 8th Pan African Congress of Prehistory , Nairobi, pp. 139-142.

1988    The Near Eastern Connection.  Early to Mid-Holocene relations between N. Africa and Levant  In Krzyzaniak, L and M. Kobusiewicz (eds.)  Late Prehistory of the Nile Basin and the Sahara, Poznan:  Muzeum Archeologiczne, pp. 69-77.

1990    (with I. Thackeray) The Black Hole of South African School History Syllabi. in Olivier, A.I.(ed) National Subject Didactics Symposium, Univ.of Stellenbosch, pp.510-519.

1991    Adjusting to drought conditions in an event-driven system: an example from a Namaqualand reserve.  Proc. of Conference on Pastoral Economies in Africa and Long-Term Responses to Drought. Univ. of Aberdeen, pp. 109-115

1991    Early Khoi Drawings in the South African Library. In Bibliophilia Africana VI.  Proc. 6th South African Conference of Bibliophiles. Cape Town: South African Library, pp. 98-106

1993    New Approaches to Saharan Rock Art. in Calegari, G. (ed) L’Arte e l’Ambiente del Sahara Preistorico: Dati e Interpretazioni. Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, pp. 466-78.

1993    Terminal Palaeolithic industries of Sahara: a discussion of new data.  In Krzyzaniak, L. (ed) Environmental Change and Human Culture in the Nile Basin and Northern Africa until 2nd Millenium B.C. Poznan: Muzeum Archeologiczne, pp. 69-75.

1993    New approaches to Saharan rock art of the Bovidian Period. In Krzyzaniak, L. (ed) Environmental Change and Human Culture in the Nile Basin and Northern Africa until 2nd Millenium B.C. Poznan: Muzeum Archeologiczne, pp. 77-89.

1996         The ‘Neolithic': a barbaric concept for the Sahara? Colloquium XXX, The Prehistory of Africa, IUSPP Congress, Forli, Italy, Vol.15:219-223.

1996         The archaeological evidence for pre-Colonial hunter/herder ethnicity at the Cape, South Africa in Pwiti, G. & Soper, R. (eds) Aspects of African Archaeology. Harare: Univ. of Zimbabwe, pp. 469-476

1996       The Near Eastern connection II: cultural contacts with the Nile Delta and the Sahara in Krzyzaniak, L., Kroeper, K. & Kobusiewcz, M. (eds) Interregional Contacts in the Later Prehistory of Northeastern Africa. Poznan Archaeological Museum, pp. 29-35.

1998        Intensification and transformation processes towards food production in Africa. In di Lernia, S. & Manzi, G. (eds) Before Food Production in North Africa: Questions and Tools Dealing with Resource Exploitation and Population Dynamics at 12,000-7000 B.P. Proceedings of Workshop 14, XIII IUSPP, Forli, Italy , pp. 19-33.

1998        Hunters on the periphery: the ideology of social hierarchies between Khoikhoi and Soaqua.  In Bank, A. (ed) The Proceedings of the Khoisan Identities and Cultural Heritage Conference. Cape Town: Institute for Historical Research, University of the Western Cape, pp. 74-79.

2005 Creating a landscape for Saharan pastoral archaeology. In Barich, B.E., Tillet, T. & Striedter, K.H. (eds) Hunters vs. Pastoralists in the Sahara: Material Culture and Symbolic Aspects. Oxford: BAR International Series 1338: 47-50.

2006  Ideological inhibitors to hunters becoming food producers in Africa. Proceedings of the 18th Biennial Meeting of the Society of Africanist Archaeologists, Calgary, June 2006. http://cohesion.rice.edu/CenterAndInst/SAFA/emplibrary/Smith,A.SAFA2006.pdf

5) Contract Reports

2007         (with B.J. Mutti & M.Patrick) Archaeological Test Excavations: Erf 460 St. Helena Bay, Vredenburg Magisterial District, Western Cape.

                   (with B.J. Mutti & M.Patrick) Archaeological Test Excavations: Erven 55 and 462 St. Helena Bay, Vredenburg Magisterial District

2008          (with B.J. Mutti and T. Manyaapelo) Report on the Exhumation of Human Skeletal Remains from Portion 37 of Farm Uitkomst 23 – Saldanha Bay Municipality 2008

                   (with B.J. Mutti and M.Patrick) Report on Archaeological Test Excavations:Remainder of Farm 26 Paternoster 2008

                   (with B.J. Mutti) Scoping Survey of Erven 4067 and 4439 Simonstown

                   (with B.J. Mutti and M.Patrick)) Report on Archaeological Test Excavations: Portion 20 of Farm 108 Jacobsbaai

                   (with B.J. Mutti and M.Patrick) Baseline Archaeological Impact Assessment Report on Madwaleni Hospital Access Road: Transkei

                   (with B.J. Mutti) An Archaeological Assessment of Lagoon Garden Estate: Erven 1992 and 2646 – Great Brak River

                   (with B.J. Mutti & M.Patrick) Archaeological Test Excavations: Erven 35 and 40 St Helena Bay – Vredenburg Magisterial District

2009           (with B.J. Mutti and M.Patrick) Report on Additional Archaeological Test Excavations:Remainder of Farm 26 Paternoster

                  (with M.Patrick, B.J. Mutti, S.Winter, N.Baumann, H.Clift, T. Clarke and J. Almond)      Final Scoping Heritage Impact Assessment: Gamma-Omega 765 Kv Transmission Line

                   (with B.J. Mutti) Draft Report on Test Excavations at Fort Wynyard – Erven 1252,1253,1056 Cape Town

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